Biotech Day 9

20 08 2010

Hey guys, biotech here. This will be our last post before we leave Cambridge.

Today is Day 9 of REACH Cambridge. We went to the London’s Natural History  Museum as well as the London Science Museum. These 2 places were eye openers for us as we have not seen anything like this.

Firstly, the London’s Natural History Museum was amazing. There were so many things too see but too little time. We saw many different kinds of preserved animals as well as models of animals. There was a range of species and even the models of the animals looked very real. Due to time constrain, we only managed to look at the creatures of the sea and birds. The exhibitions were so very informative and the little notes given on each creature were pretty fascinating.

Secondly, the London Science Museum was really cool and we even got the opportunity to watch an IMAX movie titled ‘Deep Sea’ in 3D. We felt as though we were swimming with the creatures in the deepest parts of the ocean and every feature of the creatures were so distinct.

Final Day of Practical





Biotech 17 and 18 Aug

18 08 2010

 

Genzyme

Our first stop of the day (Monday) was at Genzyme, an international pharmaceutical company based in the US where they were researching on phosphate binding polymers for patients with kidney failure as dialysis machines are not able to remove excess phosphate compounds in the body. There we saw a wide array of sophisticated machines which we had never seen before. It was fascinating to get to know how they function and it was certainly something not many people would have the opportunity to see in their lives.

Drug manufacturing, as we discovered, was definitely an extremely time consuming (lasting up to 14 years) and a lot of paperwork has to be done before a drug is released.

Cambridge Botanical Gardens

Here we were given the opportunity to observe a very wide diversity of plant species-never seen in Singapore (and interesting ones such as the REAL Newton’s apple tree).

We saw a number of greenhouses which housed an array of plants.

We hope Singapore can channel more funds to preserving such beauty in nature especially those which are native to her. Another interesting point to note is that some people here are very compassionate towards life- specifically animals. At the botanical gardens we saw a cat which had lost an eye, broken a leg and had a piece of metal sticking out of its jaw. Basically it had been hit by a car and the owners of the gardens brought it in for treatment though it could have been put down.

Alternative medicine/ medicinal chem.

Today’s (Tuesday) lecture by Taufik covered the above mentioned topic. It was amazing to know how drugs are created and the mechanism behind the process.

We also learnt about existing form of alternative medicines- that can be used to cure various illnesses as well as differences in the approach of both complementary and conventional meds such as the use of herbs like ginger and garlic.

Feedback

In Singapore we don’t really touch on the topic on drugs though it is pretty interesting due to time constraints. Lectures should link things to daily life and not just cover syllabuses.





The Weekend

17 08 2010

London is indeed a beautiful city. It is well known for its heritage and culture. London, a city deep in its history, has developed into a metropolis. Her famous shopping district, spanning famous locations like Oxford Street and Covent Garden, contain modern retail brands housed in the architecture of old London, showing how London has managed to conserve the old and advance the new. In Singapore, on the other hand, our old and new are kept separate as they develop separately rather than together. As such, Singapore can learn from London, by incorporating new developments into old buildings by redeveloping them to pristine conditions. Through this, tourists and even our own local people can get a glimpse of Old Singaporean architecture. It would serve as a good reminder for Singaporeans of our tumultuous past, and how we have risen from it.

With just a glance around London, we can see how proud the English are of the history. They have maintained that powerful historical feel through the old architecture that lingers even when other cities have moved forward in time. The statues of the numerous key figures in British history stand proudly, showing how England remembers those who have made her who she is today. Singapore’s array of searing skyscrapers and high-rise HDB blocks are orderly and well played, whereas the cramped London streets are dripping with reverance for the past. A departure from Singapore, where practicality is emphasized and the character of the city does not show as much. Through all of that we’ve seen in our weekend trip,  we’ve been able to see how despite London and Singapore (both cities) differ greatly not just in term of architecture but also in historical value.

Yet another differing point would be the level of freedom of speech people are given in the UK. As the bus drove past near Trafalgar square, we could see people pitching tents in the middle of a busy area in order to protest various things such as the war in afghanistan.

As we stepped into the British Museum we cannot help but feel awestruck. We were greeted by treasures from all over the world ranging from Chinese pottery, Maori relics to Eyptian Mummies.

Taking a glance through the map tells one just how vast this museum really is, artifacts from every corner of the world, pieces of stones that are millions of years old, the evolution of human technology throughout the ages. An entire room was dedicated to the history of the mechanical clock, one could literally walk around this museum for days absorbing all kinds of knowledge with no specific subject area. Everything was there from one of the earliest prints of shakespeare’s works, to the first kind of currency used and of course the famed rosetta stone that allowed academics to finally decipher the hierogylphs from ancient egyptian times.

One thing that appears saliently remarkable, is that the English are
able to keep up with the changing times (Bustling Oxford Street and beautiful Covent
Garden), yet they fall back on tradition to preserve their culture (Old Spitelfield Market,
Trafalgar Square, and countless statues of Legends like Winston Churchill and Admiral
Lord Nelson). By the mere comparative analysis between Singapore and London, it is
obvious that we Singaporeans are too pragmatic to preserve our cultures and traditions
(in fact they are on the brink of eradication). However, we’re glad to know that Singapore
is taking steps to preserve our culture (but we’re a little slow). Personally, we feel that
more funds should be channelled towards culture preservation, education, and of course,
tourism and hospitality. London is truly inspiring, and it has opened our eyes to many
historical developments that we have, till now, overlooked.

Sunday : Cruise down River Thames

Today, the group took a short cruise river cruise down river Thames. We started off first at Westminster pier, where we could see the famous battle ship Belfast, which survived both World Wars. Shortly after the departure, we passed the still constructing Shard, which will be region’s tallest building after construction is completed. Also, there were many old buildings like the parliament building could be seen on the boat.

As we continue to go down stream, we could see that the urban landscape was well planned. Many new and old buildings stood next to each other, without looking out of place. The buildings complement each other as they still reflect the busy London skyline. We also marveled at how London’s urban planners have managed to embrace both the new and old architecture. Singapore has clearly adopted this approach as seen in its plans to merry the old and new architecture of Singapore in the civic district.

 

 

Being geography students, we paid attention to the river processes while enjoying the views. While passing under the bridges, the captain commented on the rapid flow of water which was up to 6km/hr. It was later that we found out that  locks,  weirs and various other river management strategies were used to manage the flow of the river. Hence, the cruise was clearly both and educational and recreational experience we will never forget.





Bio-tech update

15 08 2010

Hello CJC!!!

Biotech here!

Today was rather fun day (:

We had a lecture about The theory of Evolution which we found rather fascinating. We learnt what it really means. Evolution highlights the importance of being able to adapt to changes in the environment. For centuries, animals have been evolving from mere cells to become one of the greatest minds  on Earth. The ability to survive is an asset and a fortune as only the fittest will survive. In the context of human beings, if we do not change and evolve with time and adapt to the changing environment, there is a possibility that we will be out- numbered and be eliminated over time. We also learnt that we should learn how to analyze our surrounding environment and act in a way that enables you to reap the most benefits.

What we found most interesting about the lesson was about sexual reproduction of the animals. Many people assume that it is for the sake of increasing a population of a particular population of animals. However, this is not entirely true as sexual reproduction is also nature’s way to increasing genetic variation as well as diversity.

Today’s lecture was really different from what we experience in Singapore because a lot of videos and imagery were used. Furthermore, the lecturer ( Dr Paul Elliott) channeled plenty of emotions and energy into his lectures as well as the videos which he made himself.

We also visited the Museum of Zoology. It was an eye opener because there is nothing like this in Singapore. There was such a wide range of creatures that existed and they were classified into so many subgroups and not just the few that we knew earlier as well as learning more about their distinct features. There were many specimens on display as well.





Questions from Singapore

14 08 2010

Hi there,

glad to hear your activities are doing so well in Cambridge.

Below are some questions posted by your classmates to you.

How is the studying environment in cambridge different as compared to Singapore?

Some of the topics in Reach Cambridge are also covered in the H2 Geography syllabus. How are these topics different? Are they useful and relevant for future usage in H2 Geography?

What is Bayes Theorem and how to apply it to our daily life?

regards.

Singapore





Biotechnology – Day Three

12 08 2010

Learning points:

  1. Antibiotics play a very important role in our lives. They are highly specific, like enzymes and enzymes, and act mainly as inhibitors in the disease-acquiring process.
  2. From erythromycin to choroquine, each antibiotic has its very own system of counteracting microbes, and therefore are classified into different spectrums: limited, narrow, broad, and extended, where an extended spectrum refers to effectiveness of the antibiotic on specific drug-immune microbes, those that have developed resistance for precedent antibiotic strains. This diversity makes the study of antibiotics, its applications, and also its consequences very interesting.
  3. Accidents can sometimes be a good thing. Discoveries can be made inadvertently (example: Penicillin by Alexander Flaming). Therefore, we should not be afraid to make mistakes in life and should be more observant.

What do you find most interesting and thought provoking about the lesson? Why?

  1. What was interesting was that antibiotics that have saved countless lives since its discovery have now resulted in resistance in the bacteria it was once effective against. This has even resulted in the development of superbugs that have multiple drug resistance. This has made us think about the many consequences of everything we do, especially with things to do with science and ethics.

How is it different from what we have experienced in Singapore? You can talk about the teaching style and the materials used.

  1. The teaching style is different because they provide us about the history and the background of what we are learning. There are also interesting facts and background of what we are learning. For example, we learnt how antibiotics were developed, as well as the history of drugs which we found really interesting because it is something that we do not usually consider.

What did you learn from your interaction with the other participants?

  1. We found the other participants really friendly as they were really approachable and were willing to start a conversation with the people. Many of the participants also asked many thought provoking questions and it showed us how different our thought process is and we can learn from them.

General comments/suggestions

  1. Always be open to new ideas as each person might have different views about the same issue. We should try to question them if we are unsure about it and clarify any doubts as soon as possible.




Biotechnology, Day Two.

12 08 2010
  1. We learnt about molecular biology and the central dogma of biology ( DNA to RNA to Protein) through transcription and translation respectively, and that it is possible for RNA to be converted back to DNA through reverse transcriptase, an enzyme discovered in retroviruses such as HPV and HIV.
  2. We isolated our own DNA during the practical session. It was so amazing to be able to see our very own DNA ! The procedure was awful though! We had to keep a mouthful of salty water in our mouth while we gently chewed on our cheeks for a minute and a half, and then spit it out into a bottle. That tasted really bad… .
  3. We also had the chance to be able to experience answering an interview question from Cambridge University by a professor. He showed us how a simple question can develop to involve so many levels of thinking.
  4. Tips for the day- Don’t eat in restaurants when in a rush. It is not worth it!!!! You probably will lose your chance of getting your change back because they take forever to return it to you, and you’ll lose your change for nothing!!! Remember to sit small groups of less than 5 people in some restaurants to avoid paying the service charge, it will save you guys alot of money.

Interesting and Thought Provoking

  1. SDS PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). It definitely is something new to us, and the name itself is already quite bombastic. This is used in protein detection, where the proteins bind to SDS molecules, an anionic molecule with a strong negative charge, such that the intrinsic charges of the proteins are insignificant, and a uniform negative charge is established. This eliminates the effect of the intrinsic charges and hence allows the procedure to depend only on molecular weight. We don’t really have opportunities in Singapore or in Cambridge(due to time constraints) to conduct such experiments, which is a real pity to us.

How is it different from what you have experienced back in Singapore?

1) The way the practical sessions are conducted is quite significantly different. Practical sessions here focus more on understanding whatever we were to do and enjoy it, instead of focusing on the recording and processing of data like our SPA sessions in Singapore. For example, instead of just carrying out DNA electrophoresis for DNA fingerprinting, we instead were given the situation of a murder mystery, where suspect’s DNA had to be analyzed. This greatly reveals that science practicals might not always be so much of a bore. Also, laboratories here in Cambridge pay much more attention to safety and hygiene as compared to Singapore, such as making it complusory to wear lab coats and gloves while conducting experiments even if the chemicals are harmless.





Best Wishes from Singapore

8 08 2010

Good luck in Cambridge, gain knowledge and experience, make new friends while strengthing old ones, and stay healthy!

- wishes from Singapore





Day 0

31 07 2010

The fact that we were on our way to THE Cambridge University took a little while to sink in. The sudden outburst of euphoria as we were walking through the gate to board the plane screaming ” WE’RE GOING TO CAMBRIDGE! “. Randomly grabbing each other while walking to Trinity Hall, where we now reside, and going ” Omg we’re in the UK. “

Departure hall T3,  an entire division of friends and families swarmed us.  As we posed for the following shot, camera flashes went off in all directions. Felt good. So THANK YOU ALL FOR MAKING US FEEL LIKE ROCK STARS!

The flight was thankfully uneventful ( Or sadly depending on how you look at it. Flying 14 hours on economy is hell after the first few hours ). At one point in time, to fight the leg cramps plaguing our entire deck, we ran to the back of the plane and started playing cards!

"No we're not queuing up for the lavatories"

Arrival saw renewed enthusiasm in everyone,  until we got on the bus and traveled for 2 hours through an undulating landscape which looked pretty much like this throughout the entire ride

And as these large expanses of flat ground provide about as much entertainment as the morning announcements, we all slept!

Until…

The Jerwood library!

We finally arrived at Cambridge! Not much else to say here we gaped in awe at the beautiful architecture and clicked the capture button on our cameras at everything we saw.

Our dormitories

Taken from the entrance of Trinity Hall

For more pictures to gape at add the reach cambridge people on facebook or flickr. I’m sure there will be hundreds more for anyone to peruse at their leisure.

We spent the rest of the day exploring the city area, dodging in and out of small alleys, inching our way through the crowd at the marketplace to get some ostrich burgers ( yes that’s right ostrich, they’re amazing ) and getting completely lost!

After that, we got a quick tour around the city and Downing college, another constituent college of Cambridge University.

And that pretty much concludes Day 0!  Departure, flight, arrival. There will be more updates, photos and backlogged homework to come as we begin our first academic day tomorrow! Signing off, from a dimly lit room, a cold breeze flowing in through the open window.








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